Practice Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC, 10 APSC Current Affairs MCQs for 1 & 2 September 2026 on avalanches, BHASHINI, Digital Twin, GDP base year, NHAI, Madhavdeva, DEH, AyurVarta, Assam Food Safety and Kangra Tea.
Question 1: Avalanches – Slab Avalanches, Snowpack Instability & Triggers | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding an avalanche:
- An avalanche is a slow and gradual movement of snow upward along a mountain slope, generally occurring without any sudden release of snow.
- Slab avalanches occur when the weak layer is located at the top surface of the snowpack, causing only loose, powdery snow to slide downhill.
- Heavy snowfall, strong winds and rising temperatures generally prevent avalanches by strengthening the snowpack and keeping snow firmly attached to the slope.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Answer-Key Issue: None of the three statements is correct, but the question does not provide a “None of the above” option.
Explanation: The explanation in the source itself states that all three statements are incorrect.
An avalanche is a rapid downward movement of snow along a mountain slope rather than a slow upward movement.
A slab avalanche generally occurs when a cohesive layer or slab of snow breaks away after failure of a weaker layer beneath it.
Conditions such as heavy snowfall, strong winds and rising temperatures can increase instability in the snowpack and may raise avalanche risk rather than necessarily preventing avalanches.
Question 2: BHASHINI – AI Language Platform, Translation, Speech & OCR | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding the BHASHINI Platform:
- BHASHINI is an AI-powered language technology platform developed by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) under the National Language Translation Mission.
- It enables services such as text translation, speech recognition, text-to-speech, optical character recognition and document translation in Indian languages.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: C — Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Both statements are correct.
BHASHINI, or BHASHa INterface for India, is an AI-powered language technology initiative aimed at bridging India’s linguistic divide through Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Its services include:
Text translation, speech recognition, text-to-speech, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and document translation.
Why is BHASHINI Important? India’s linguistic diversity creates a major challenge for digital inclusion. AI-based language tools can help citizens access government and digital services in their preferred Indian languages.
The platform therefore connects with themes such as Digital India, AI, multilingual governance, accessibility and inclusive public-service delivery.
Key Facts for APSC & UPSC: BHASHINI → MeitY → AI + NLP → Indian languages → Translation + Speech Recognition + Text-to-Speech + OCR.
Question 3: Digital Twin – Real-Time Virtual Representation of Physical Systems
Which of the following best describes a Digital Twin?
A. A virtual model of a physical object that uses periodically collected data to study its past performance and operational history.
B. A live virtual representation of a real-world physical object, process or system that uses real-time data to monitor and analyse its behaviour.
C. A computer-generated simulation of a physical system that is used mainly for designing a new product before its physical development.
D. A digital database that stores information about a physical asset and helps organisations track its specifications, maintenance records and operational history.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A Digital Twin is a dynamic virtual representation of a physical object, process or system.
It is continuously updated using real-time data, often supplied through sensors attached to the physical system.
This allows the digital model to mirror, monitor and analyse the behaviour of its real-world counterpart.
Digital Twin vs Simulation: A conventional simulation may model how a system could behave, whereas a digital twin is distinguished by its ongoing connection with real-world operational data.
Potential Applications: Digital twins can be used in manufacturing, infrastructure, urban planning, transport, energy, healthcare and industrial maintenance.
Question 4: National Accounts Statistics 2026 – GDP Base Year, PPI, IIP & Banking Services Price Index | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding the National Accounts Statistics 2026:
- The National Accounts Statistics 2026, released by MoSPI, has updated the GDP series with 2022–23 as the base year, replacing the earlier 2011–12 base year.
- The revised framework incorporates the Producer Price Index (PPI) with base year 2022–23 as a key price measure for mapping economic activities and preparing deflators.
- The new series continues to use 2011–12 as the base year for the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) and does not introduce any new banking services price index.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: A — 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct, while Statement 3 is incorrect.
According to the source material, the revised National Accounts framework uses 2022–23 as the GDP base year, replacing 2011–12.
The framework also incorporates a Producer Price Index (PPI) with 2022–23 as its base year for price measurement and deflator-related purposes.
Statement 3 is incorrect because the revised framework also uses 2022–23 as the base year for the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) and introduces a Banking Services Price Index (BkSPI).
What is a Base Year? A base year provides a benchmark against which changes in economic output or prices are measured over time.
Updating the base year can help economic statistics reflect changes in production structures, prices, consumption patterns and new sectors.
Question 5: NHAI – Statutory Body, National Highways & Toll Collection | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI):
- NHAI was established under the National Highways Authority of India Act, 1988, as an autonomous body responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways.
- NHAI is empowered to construct, operate and maintain National Highways and to impose and collect tolls and fees on them.
- The NHAI Act, 1988 was enacted to establish NHAI as a constitutional body under the Constitution of India, with powers equivalent to those of State governments over all categories of roads.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: A — 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct, while Statement 3 is incorrect.
The National Highways Authority of India was established under the NHAI Act, 1988.
It is a statutory body, not a constitutional body.
Its principal mandate concerns the development, maintenance and management of National Highways.
The authority also exercises functions connected with the construction, operation and maintenance of highways and collection of tolls and fees.
Question 6: Madhavdeva – Naam Ghosa, Borgeets, Jhumuras & Dramatic Works | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding Madhavdeva:
- Naam Ghosa, also known as Hazari Ghosa, is one of the most significant literary works of Madhavdeva.
- Madhavdeva composed 191 Borgeets and nine Jhumuras, contributing significantly to Assamese devotional literature and performing arts.
- Arjun Bhanjan, Chordhara, Pimpara Guchowa and Bhumi Letowa are among the dramatic works associated with Madhavdeva.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: All three statements are correct according to the attached source.
Madhavdeva occupies a central place in Assam’s Neo-Vaishnavite literary, musical and dramatic tradition.
His Naam Ghosa, also known as Hazari Ghosa, is one of the major works of Assamese Vaishnavite literature.
The term Hazari Ghosa refers to its thousand couplets.
According to the provided material, Madhavdeva composed 191 Borgeets and nine Jhumuras.
The dramatic works associated with him include:
Arjun Bhanjan (Dadhimathan), Chordhara, Pimpara Guchowa and Bhumi Letowa.
Question 7: Districts as Export Hubs – District-Led Exports & ODOP Linkage | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding the Districts as Export Hubs (DEH) Initiative:
- The Districts as Export Hubs initiative treats each district as a unit of export planning and seeks to connect local products and services with international markets.
- The DEH initiative is limited to promoting products within domestic markets and has no linkage with the One District One Product (ODOP) framework.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: A — Statement 1 Only
Explanation: Statement 1 is correct, while Statement 2 is incorrect.
The Districts as Export Hubs (DEH) initiative treats each district as an important unit for export planning and development.
Its objective is to identify local strengths and connect district-level producers and service providers with global markets.
The initiative also builds upon the One District One Product (ODOP) approach.
Why is DEH Important? District-level export planning can help:
Identify exportable products, strengthen local value chains, support MSMEs, improve branding and connect producers with international markets.
Question 8: AyurVarta – AIIA Digital Dialogue Series & Ayurveda Day | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding AyurVarta:
- It is a digital dialogue series launched by the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA) to disseminate authentic knowledge and contemporary perspectives on Ayurveda.
- The series focuses exclusively on traditional Ayurvedic practices and does not cover scientific research, technology or integration with modern medical sciences.
- The initiative was launched ahead of Ayurveda Day, which will now be observed annually on 23 September as a fixed date.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: C — 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 3 are correct, while Statement 2 is incorrect.
AyurVarta is a digital dialogue series launched by the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi.
Its objective is to communicate authentic Ayurvedic knowledge, scientific perspectives and the contemporary relevance of Ayurveda.
The programme is not limited only to traditional practices. It also covers themes such as:
Scientific research, education, public health, innovation and technology, medicinal plants, preventive healthcare, evidence-based Ayurveda, and integration with modern medical sciences.
According to the attached material, Ayurveda Day will be observed annually on 23 September as a fixed date.
Question 9: Food Safety Administration in Assam – Commissionerate of Food Safety & FSS Act | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding food safety administration in Assam:
- The Commissionerate of Food Safety is the nodal agency responsible for implementing the Food Safety and Standards Act in Assam.
- The Commissionerate of Food Safety functions under the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Assam.
- The Commissionerate of Food Safety is headed by the Commissioner of Food Safety.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: D — 1, 2 and 3
Explanation: All three statements are correct according to the source.
The Commissionerate of Food Safety is the nodal agency responsible for implementation of the Food Safety and Standards Act in Assam.
It functions under the Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Assam.
The institution is headed by the Commissioner of Food Safety.
Why is this Important for APSC? The topic connects with:
Food regulation, public health, consumer protection, administrative institutions of Assam and implementation of Central legislation at the State level.
Question 10: Kangra Tea – Himachal Pradesh & India’s Cultural Diplomacy | Current Affairs for APSC / UPSC
Consider the following statements regarding Kangra Tea:
- Kangra Tea is primarily produced in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal and is known for its distinctive flavour and aroma.
- During his visit to Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gifted two boxes of premium Kangra tea to the leadership of the two Central Asian countries.
Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: A — Statement 1 Only
Explanation: Statement 1 is incorrect, while Statement 2 is correct.
Kangra Tea is produced in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, particularly in the Kangra Valley, and not in Darjeeling district of West Bengal.
According to the provided material, Prime Minister Narendra Modi gifted premium Kangra Tea to the leadership of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan during his visit.
Why is Kangra Tea Important? The topic combines:
Indian agricultural geography, regional products, cultural diplomacy and India’s engagement with Central Asia.
Kangra vs Darjeeling: These are distinct tea-growing regions.
Kangra Tea → Himachal Pradesh
Darjeeling Tea → West Bengal
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